If a student is required to run laps in PE class for not exerting enough effort, what type of punishment is this?

The scenario describes a situation where a student is required to run laps due to not exerting enough effort in class. This falls under the category of contingent exercise punishment, which is a form of punishment where the individual is given a physical task as a consequence for a behavior that did not meet expectations. The requirement to run laps serves to correct the behavior by imposing an additional activity that is undesirable, with the goal of encouraging the student to put in more effort in the future.

Contingent exercise punishment specifically focuses on the notion that the student must complete a task as a result of their actions (or lack thereof). It differs from positive reinforcement, which would involve adding a pleasant stimulus to increase a desired behavior, and from negative reinforcement, which involves the removal of an undesirable stimulus to encourage a specific behavior. Time-out, on the other hand, typically involves removing the individual from a situation for a period, rather than assigning additional tasks. In this case, the focus is clearly on imposing a consequence that requires physical effort as a direct result of insufficient performance.