Mand training often begins when which of the following are not emerging naturally?

Mand training focuses on teaching individuals how to express their needs and desires directly through requests. When requests, or mands, are not emerging naturally, it indicates that the individual may need support in learning how to effectively communicate their wants and needs. By establishing mand training in these circumstances, practitioners can help individuals develop functional communication skills that enhance their ability to engage with their environment and others.

The other options, such as questions (tacts), statements (intraverbals), and commands (echoics), are more related to different verbal operants. While they are important components of communication, they do not directly target the individual's ability to request specific items or actions, which is the primary goal of mand training. Therefore, beginning mand training when requests are not naturally occurring is crucial for facilitating functional communication.