What does the term "mand" refer to in the context of verbal behavior?

The term "mand" refers specifically to a command or request within the framework of verbal behavior, particularly as proposed by B.F. Skinner. In this context, a mand is a type of verbal operant that is used by an individual to request or demand something they desire. This form of communication is initiated by the speaker based on their needs or wants, and it often provides immediate reinforcement when the request is fulfilled.

Understanding mands is crucial for effectively training and developing communication skills in individuals, especially those with language delays or autism. By teaching how to use mands, practitioners can empower individuals to express their needs, which can significantly improve social interactions and overall quality of life.

The other options refer to different verbal behaviors: labeling is more aligned with tacting, where one names or identifies objects; a response to a question typically describes an intraverbal; and a repeated phrase might be seen in echoic behavior. Each of these serves different functions in communication compared to a mand, which directly emphasizes the speaker's desire to obtain a specific item or action.